Organizational Behaviors and Leadership Theories in Nanny McPhee

Organizational Behaviors and Leadership Theories in Nanny McPhee Free Online Research Papers Nanny McPhee is a children’s movie in which the Brown family is totally disorganized. Nanny Mcphee uses her own magic in getting this group organized. In the movie we see interpersonal conflicts and the children using group thinking. I will show how the movie shows attitudes and perceptions, motivation, levels of power and influence. We see how individuals react to stress. Nanny McPhee changes the whole family dynamic with an authoritarian style of leadership. In this paper will explain leadership theories as well as other organizational behaviors. Organizational Behaviors and Leadership Theories in Nanny McPhee I chose to evaluate the movie Nanny McPhee. It is a story of a widowed father with seven children. Typically with several children, one would have one or two that could be labeled problem children, but all seven of Mr. Brown’s children were unruly. Mr. Brown has tried seventeen different nannies as he was trying to find a replacement for the children’s mother. mother. Then there was Nanny McPhee with her five lessons that she would teach the children. I will discuss organizational behaviors and leadership theories that I observed while watching the movie. I will begin in the beginning with the seventeenth nanny running away from the house to find Mr. Brown while screaming that the children have eaten the baby. (Doran Jones, 2006) Group Dynamics The Brown children have banded together to deliberately sabotage the attempts of their father to replace their recently deceased mother with a nanny. (Doran Jones, 2006) They have formed a group. Borkowski (2005) states that groups are defined by meeting four characteristics. The first is that there are four or more people in a social interaction. We first see the Brown children in a playroom pretending to eat their baby sister who is happily laying in a stew pot while one of the brothers gnaws on a turkey leg with a baby’s bootie on it. (Doran Jones, 2006) The second characteristic is a stable structure. The Brown’s are a family unit, they will be together by family ties and they are all together in a somewhat stable but unorganized life. The third characteristic is common interest or goals. The children are working together to make sure that they do not have a nanny. Throughout the movie, the children work together to carry out their misdeeds. The forth cha racteristic is that the individuals have to think of themselves as a group. During the movie, the Brown children act as one unit at times, indicating that they think of themselves as a group. There are some negative aspects of being a group, such as group think. Group think occurs when there is directive leadership within the group; the members have the same social background and ideology, and isolation of the group from outside sources of information and analysis. It occurs more often in a tightly knit group (McCauley). This causes the group to all agree and think one way sometimes resulting in poor judgment and uninformed decisions. Group think involves making decision because the members want to get along rather than to evaluate a situation realistically. The Brown children meet this description with Simon acting as the leader and the other children agreeing with whatever he says. Attitudes and perceptions. Nanny McPhee enters the story in a magical way. Mr. Brown first learns of her from an unknown person speaking to him through a mail slot saying, â€Å"The person you need is Nanny McPhee†. He later sees an add that read, the person you need is Nanny McPhee. But he hasn’t a clue as to how to get in touch with her. (Doran Jones, 2006) That night as the children are exhibiting a bit of Pygmalion effect in the kitchen, Nanny McPhee mysteriously appears at the front door. The Pygmalion effect can be describes as a person’s behaving in a manner that another person expects them too, whether that expectation is accurate or not. In the movie, the cook didn’t want the children anywhere near the kitchen because she knew they were destructive and unbearable. She received a contract that stated the children were not ever to be allowed in the kitchen. She kept the contract on her person and would tell anyone that she has it in writing. Of course the children li ved up to her expectations and invaded her kitchen and were in the middle of destroying it and trying to blow the cook up when Nanny McPhee enters the kitchen. The children used stereotyping when they decided all stepmothers were like the wicked step mothers in the fairy tales. (Doran Jones, 2006) Stereotyping is the perception of traits that one projects to a group of people. The most common stereotyping are based on gender and leadership Leadership Theories Nanny McPhee became the active leader of the Brown household. Paul (2008) described leadership as a process by which a person has a vision or sets an objective and influences others to work toward accomplishing the objective. To me Nanny McPhee exhibited different leadership styles at different times. She exhibited the qualities of a directive leader by telling the children exactly what she expected. She didn’t consult with them. The family knew exactly where she stood on these issues. She also reflected some authoritarian styles that were exposed under the behavioral study of Kurt Lewin. The authoritarian leader remains aloof and directs the group’s activities without consultation. When Nanny McPhee first arrives in the kitchen she gives the children an order. Naturally they ignore her and won’t do anything. She uses her magic and taps the floor with her cane and the children continue what they are doing, only faster. The children all ask her to stop with the exception of Simon. When Simon caves in, just before cooking his baby sister, Nanny McPhee restores the kitchen and erases the adult’s memory of it. (Doran Jones, 2006) Theories of Motivation When Nanny McPhee arrived, after getting Mr. Brown to admit that his children are out of control, she tells him that she will teach the children five lessons. First lesson – To go to bed when told. Second Lesson – to get up when told. Third – To get dressed when told. Fourth – To listen. Fifth – To do as they are told. The children are resistant to anything she says and has to be motivated. She set the goals of lessons learned and as each one was met, she would transform. (Doran Jones, 2006) When utilizing the goal setting theory, you must first set your goal. McPhee’s goal was to get the children to behave and learn the five lessons. The goal should be specific. McPhee met the specificity with the lessons. The goal should also be obtainable. Though hard to imagine, it would be possible for the unruly children to reach the set goals. The second step is to get goal commitment. The children resisted at almost every turn on this one, but ultimately gave in when motivated. One example of motivation is to use the Reinforcement Theory. Nanny McPhee used punishment. When the children pretended to have measles and had to stay in bed instead of getting up when told, Nanny McPhee literally made them stay in bed. They tried everything to get out of bed and couldn’t do it. They were also forced to drink a horrible concoction of broth and medicine. When the children admit that they are wrong, she magically releases them from bed. (Doran Jones, 2006) The children became committed to the goal and the lesson was learned, get out of bed when you are told. The third step in the goal setting theory is providing support elements. In organizations, you would have to make sure that the employees or team members have the adequate resourced to reach their goal (Borkowski, 2005). In the situations in the movie, Nanny would have to know that the children were capable of learning and had the ability to perform the five goals she set. Power and Influence Power was identified in our text, Organizational Behavior in Health Care, by John French and Betram Raven (1959) as being seen as five sources. Reward is the ability to give rewards; Coercive is the ability to punish. Legitimate is the authority given based on a given role, referent, based on attraction or identification and expert which are based on the perception of knowledge in a specific area. Coercive power could be seen in the scene where Mr. Brown sent the children to bed with supper after they had run off the seventeenth nanny. It was also noted to be used by Aunt Adelaide when she threatened to withhold the money if Mr. Brown didn’t get married. (Doran Jones, 2006) Coercive power can punish in two ways; by actual punishment or by withholding something that is wanted or needed. In the first situation, Mr. Brown punished by sending them to bed, and he withheld supper, which is something that the younger son wanted and seem to need because he was always hungry. In the second situation, Mr. Brown needed the money to keep his family together. (Doran Jones, 2006) Stressors Borkowski (2005) stated in her text that certain degrees of stress were necessary for good mental and physical health. In Nanny McPhee, Mr. Brown seems to have more than his share of stress. Change is the only constant thing in life and when you can’t handle the changes, it stresses you out. (Paul, 2008) His level of stress has moved to distress. Distress occurs when you start exhibiting the negative effects of stress. Mr. Brown appears to be getting frantic, he changed the way he uses to interact with his children, and he begins conversing with the corpse that he is working on. Mr. Brown, in fact the whole Brown household is affected by external stressors. External stressors are can include adverse physical conditions such as pain, hot or cold temperatures, threats to personal safety, general economy, everyday hassles, or major life events. (Borkowski, 2005) Stressors can be either acute or chronic. Imagining a threat would be considered an acute stressor. A chronic stressor would be things that go on in everyday life where we must depress the normal â€Å"fight or flight† reaction. (Simon, 2003) Mr. Brown has been through major life events and experiences everyday hassles. Major life events can include death of a loved one, marriage, and financial worries. Everyday hassles can include dealing with children at home. Mr. Brown met all of the above. His wife has died. He had to â€Å"court† a woman that he had no interest in because he felt he was being forced to marry. He was in constant fear that Aunt Adelaide would cut out the money and he would go to debtor’s prison and the children would be separated and placed in work houses. The behavior of the children was a constant source of worry. These are chronic stressors. Then Aunt Adelaide wanted to take one of the children in exchange for her help. This would be an acute stressor and would be devastating to Mr. Brown. He was without a doubt living a stressful lif e. (Doran Jones, 2006) Conflict Conflict occurs when a person feels that they have been affected in a negative way by another person. Interpersonal conflict occurs when two or more people feel that their attitudes, goals, or behaviors are opposite. (Borkowski, 2005) Simon and Mr. Brown were involved in a conflict about hiring nannies. Simon felt that Evangeline, the maid, could take care of them and Mr. Brown felt that she was just a hired hand and not qualified. Simon felt that his father should talk to him and discuss things with him and Mr. Brown felt like he had to protect all the children from worry. This resulted in occasional outburst from Simon. (Doran Jones, 2006) Conclusion Nanny McPhee entered the Brown household as a government nanny. She was determined to teach the children five lessons. She told them, â€Å"When you need me, but don’t want me, then I must stay. When you want me, but no longer need me, then I have to go.† Not only did Nanny McPhee succeed in having the children learn the lessons, the entire movie was filled with example of organizational behavior and theories as well as leadership theories. References Borkowski, N. (2005). Organizational Behavior in Health Care. Massachusetts:Jones and Bartlett Paul, D. (2008, February). Essential Skill of Leadership. Leadership essentials program presented in a workshop at Covington County Hospital, Collins, Ms. Doran, L. (Producer), Jones, K. (Director). (2006). Nanny McPhee [Motion Picture]. United States: Universal Studios. French, J., Raven, B. (1959). The bases of social power. In N. Borkowski, Organizational Behavior in Health Care (pp.163-164). Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlet Simon, H. (2003). What is Stress? Retrieved April 5, 2008, from healthandage.com/html/well_connected/pdf/doc31.pdf Research Papers on Organizational Behaviors and Leadership Theories in Nanny McPheeEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenWhere Wild and West MeetThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Spring and Autumn19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoResearch Process Part One

Why Teeth Turn Yellow (And Other Colors)

Why Teeth Turn Yellow (And Other Colors) You know teeth can turn yellow from staining due to coffee, tea, and tobacco, but may be unaware of all of the other causes of tooth discoloration. Sometimes the color is temporary, while other times there is a chemical change in the composition of teeth that causes permanent discoloration. Take a look at the causes of yellow, black, blue, and gray teeth, as well as how to avoid or correct the problem. Reasons Why Teeth Turn Yellow Yellow or brown is the most common tooth discoloration. Any intensely-colored plant matter can stain teeth, as the pigment molecules bind to the surface layer of enamel. Chewing or smoking tobacco darkens and yellows teeth. Dark, acidic drinks like coffee, tea, and cola do a double-whammy as the acid makes teeth more porous, so they pick up the pigment more readily. Surface staining doesnt have to be yellow. Depending on the cause, it could be orange or even green. The good news about this type of stain is that it can be removed with good dental hygiene and a whitening toothpaste.Mouthwash can stain your teeth. Products containing the antibacterial agents chlorhexidine or cetylpyridium chloride cause surface discoloration. The color is temporary and can be bleached away.Medications may also yellow teeth. Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl), drugs for high blood pressure, and antipsychotics typically cause surface discoloration, which may be temporary. The antibiotics tetracycline and doxycycline become calcified in developing enamel. While th e antibiotics wont noticeably stain adult teeth, these drugs can cause permanent discoloration and sometimes disfigurement of teeth if the drugs are administered to children under age 10. Pregnant women are advised against taking these antibiotics because they affect fetal tooth development. It isnt just the color of the tooth that is affected. The chemical composition of teeth is altered, making them more fragile. Bleaching wont solve these problems, so the usual treatment involves crowns or replacing teeth with implants (in severe cases). Yellowing is part of the natural aging process, as tooth enamel becomes thinner and the natural yellowish color of the underlying dentin layer becomes more visible. Thin tooth enamel also occurs in people who have a dry mouth (produce less saliva) or who routinely eat acidic foods.Chemotherapy and radiation can change the color of enamel, giving it a brownish cast.Sometimes a yellowish color is genetic. Inherited yellow enamel can usually be bleached to become brighter using over the counter whitening products.Poor dental hygiene can cause yellowing since plaque and tartar are yellowish. Brushing, flossing, and visiting the dentist are steps to address this issue.Ingesting fluoride from fluoridated water or supplements usually causes splotches in developing teeth more than overall yellowing. Too much fluoride can also disfigure teeth since the chemical structure of enamel is affected.Dying teeth appear more yellow than young, healthy teeth. Physical trauma, poor nutrition, sleep depr ivation, and stress can all affect the health of underlying dentin and make it appear darker and more yellow. Causes of Blue, Black, and Gray Teeth Yellow isnt the only type of tooth discoloration. Other colors include blue, black, and gray. Dental amalgams made using mercury or sulfides can discolor teeth, potentially turning them gray or black.A severely damaged or dead tooth may have black spots as the internal tissue dies, similar to the way a bruise appears dark under the skin. Trauma can affect tooth color in both adults and children. Because this discoloration is internal, it cant simply be bleached away.There are two main causes of blue teeth. One is that a white tooth may appear blue if the tooth has a mercury-silver filling, which shows through the enamel. Damage to the root of a tooth may also show through as blue. The other main cause is when the root of a tooth fades away. This is more commonly seen in children losing their deciduous (baby) teeth​ when their teeth are otherwise very white. Enamel is crystalline apatite, so either dark underlying material or a lack of any material may make it appear blue-white.

Western Civ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Western Civ - Essay Example Fascism forms of governments are characterized with dictatorships, suppressions to opposition as well as criticism alongside oppression of the citizens. However, it is of crucial importance to note that the economic as well as political situation in Germany from 1918 to the early 1930s contributed to the rise of German Fascism in several ways. The war led to deaths of several populations in Germany (Eley, 2013). The loss of such a massive population was welcomed with long lasting grief amongst the whole population of Germany. The effects of such losses were mostly felt in the domestic sectors, industrial sectors as well as political sectors. This led to the drop in economy of Germany to a significantly dismal level. This followed the drastic drop in number of people who could provide labor to revamp such industries. Therefore, the loss of individuals affected the sector negatively. In addition, the loss was a disgrace to the family members within the German empire. Several families were aggrieved and faced loneliness, sorrow as well as sadness that had long lasting effects. This made the German society become very vulnerable to any proposition that would assure averting their state following the results of the World War I (Eley, 2013). Following the desperation faced by the people of Germany after the World War One, there was relative ease to accept any proposal from the government. Again, the Germans became vulnerable to accept any political suggestion from any key politician that was perceived beneficial to the entire country following the results of the war. As such, the then leader, Adolf Hitler capitalized on this vulnerability for his own personal interests. He then moved forward and came up with several good propositions to the Germans hat lured them to accepting easily to such proposals. This later led to the emergence of fascism in Germany. The level of vulnerability of the citizens made Hitler capitalize on his

Does globalisation really benefit everybody, as many of its leading Essay

Does globalisation really benefit everybody, as many of its leading advocates claim Illustrate your answer with reference to TWO empirical cases - Essay Example This is term has existed since the mid 18th century, finding its way to the 21st century. That said one can see that globalization has benefit effects and disadvantages. The are not appealing to everyone as well as not benefiting all the people as the aspect is supposed to do. Therefore, globalization does not necessarily help everyone as many of its leading advocates claim. This is a fact that is evident as the paper has illustrated below. That said the key players in this sector of globalization should see to it that this aspect benefits all of the people no matter the class that they belong to. Only then will this aspect be embraced with everyone and all the changes that are brought by globalization will be accepted by all of the people, be it the rich, poor, young, old, sick, healthy just but to mention a few. Globalization being described as a process that involves international integration that arises from the interchange of a number of things, product, ideas, world views among other features that involve culture, this makes it something that involves many if not all of the world’s population. Therefore, this aspect of globalization should be considered and looked into with the seriousness that it deserves. People would want to see their lives change for the better, and if globalization is a way through which that is going to be possible, then everyone opts to see the benefits and not only a few individuals belonging to a particular class of people. This paper discusses the cons and pros of globalization, putting into consideration to this question; does globalization ‘benefit everybody, ’ as many of its leading advocates claim? This question will be answered and discussed in relation to the present global financial crisis as one of the empirical cases. During the past few years, steady proclamations have been made by the advocates of the economic

Computer Mouse :: Computer Science

Computer Mouse The Computer Mouse The computer mouse first came about in the early 1980's. The idea being that the movement from the users hand could be turned into signals that the computer could read moving the cursor around and also allowing the buttons to function when pressed. Today there are a few different types of computer mice on the market. These being the mice that use the traditional tracking ball, the optical mouse and the mouse that has no physical connection to the computer. The most common mouse found near a computer today is the traditional mouse that uses the tracking ball. This is the same method as was used when the mouse was first released in the 1980's. The track ball inside the mouse touches the desk when it is moved. When the ball moves the motion is detected by two perpendicular axis, one which detects x axis directional motion and the other y-axis direction motion. Tracking Ball Perpendicular axis motion detectors Hole in which track ball would sit The diagrams above show the tracking ball and the hole in which the tracking ball sits. You can see the x and y axis motion detectors of which the y-axis detector lies 90Â ° from the x-axis detector. These motion detectors are also known as rollers. When the mouse is in use the tracking ball moves moving one or both of the rollers. Each roller is connected to a shaft, which spins a disc. The disc has holes in it and next to the disc is an infrared LED and an infrared sensor. As the disc spins the hole in the disc breaks the beams of light generated by the LED and the sensor picks up these pulses of light. The speed of the pulses is related to how far the mouse has travelled. If the disc spins faster the further the mouse would have travelled. A diagram below shows one of these discs. LED light LED sensor Disc Shaft So from the mouse which is mechanical the movement and distance can be measured. This all starts at the track ball as explain above and ends at the transducers, which send the information to the computer. Once the distance, movement and direction data is gathered from the physical and the pulses of light are picked up from the infrared sensor the information is sent to the transducers. These transducers translate the information into electrical signals. These signals are translated into binary and sent to the computer. The computer will understand the binary data thus moving the cursor on the screen as appropriate. This shows that both physical and electrical operations

Biblical Worldview Essay Essay

The Apostle Paul wrote to the Roman church to prepare them for his visit to Rome prior to leaving for Spain. He explained to the church how Christians, Jews and Gentiles alike, should view the natural world, our identity, our relationships, and our culture due to our relationship with Christ. He explains the necessity for righteousness because without Christ we are dead in our sin. But God, through his goodness and grace has provided a way to righteousness through Jesus Christ. The Natural World According to Genesis, God created the heavens and earth (our natural world) and everything in them. In Romans 1:20 Paul states, â€Å"For since the creation of the world God’s invisible qualities-his eternal power and divine nature-have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made, so that men are without excuse.† God created the world, his power and authority is evident in this creation and in this way man was supposed to know Him. However they turned their backs on him and according to verse 22 â€Å"exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images made to look like mortal man and birds and animals and reptiles.† Because of Adam and Eve’s disobedience in the Garden of Eden, sin came into our natural world which started the demise of spiritual man as well as God’s intended order. Human Identity â€Å"God created man in his own image,† (Gen 1:27). Our identity is firmly established by knowing God, more specifically, knowing God through Jesus Christ. We are created with a â€Å"God shaped void† in our spirit man. If we do not fill that void with a relationship with God, we will seek to fill it with anything else that gives us temporary pleasure. Paul says in Romans chapter 1, that men turned away from God and turned to idol worship. Three times in this chapter Paul states that God â€Å"gave them over† to their sinful desires (v.24), their shameful lusts (v. 26), and their depraved minds. (v28). In and of ourselves, we are destined to die, not only physically but spiritually. God however, has made a way. Paul eloquently shares the path to salvation, righteousness, and sanctification through Jesus Christ.

Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller - 1316 Words

Husbands and wives assume a vow of support for one another as they embark on a lifelong journey together through the ups and the downs. In Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman, the main character, Willy Loman, is an aged and failing salesman attempting to provide for his family without asking for help from anyone. His wife, Linda Loman, is one of the most intelligent and levelheaded characters in the play. Although her husband treats her poorly at times, she ceaselessly supports him and does everything in her power to ensure his happiness. Linda understands Willy’s declining mental health and knows that he is becoming less stable each day. Through her continued support of Willy and his unrealistic aspirations, Linda allows Willy’s mental decline to continue without attempting to keep him in check with reality. By ignoring Willy’s mistakes, failures, and blatant suicide attempts, Linda permits Willy’s disconnect from reality to continue until she is freed by his eventual death. Linda and Willy’s relationship in the play is characterized by deep love and affection, but Willy does not frequently show the physical manifestations of such feelings. After thirty-five years of marriage, both characters have come to know each other’s subtle quirks and dreams, but Linda’s thorough understanding of Willy cannot be reciprocated. At first glance, she resembles a stereotypical housewife who passively stays home while her husband maintains his role as the breadwinner of the family,Show MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1387 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican play-write Arthur Miller, is undoubtedly Death of a Salesman. Arthur Miller wrote Death of a Salesman in 1949 at the time when America was evolving into an economic powerhouse. Arthur Miller critiques the system of capitalism and he also tells of the reality of the American Dream. Not only does he do these things, but he brings to light the idea of the d ysfunctional family. 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